Oxycodone HCl

A to Z Drug Facts

 Action Relieves pain by stimulating opiate receptors in CNS; may cause respiratory depression, peripheral vasodilation, inhibition of intestinal peristalsis, sphincter of Oddi spasm, stimulation of chemoreceptors that cause vomiting and increased bladder tone.

 Indications Relief of moderate to moderately severe pain.

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to opiates; upper airway obstruction; acute asthma; diarrhea due to poisoning or toxins.

 Route/Dosage

ADULTS: PO 10 to 30 mg q 4 hr (5 mg q 6 hr prn for oral solution or immediate-release capsules). Children > 12 yr: PO 1.25 mg q 6 hr prn. Children 6 to 12 yr: PO 0.62 mg q 6 hr prn.

 Interactions

CNS: Depressants (eg, alcohol, barbiturate anesthetics, phenothiazines, sedatives, tricyclic antidepressants, other narcotics)

Additive CNS depression.

 Lab Test Interferences Increased amylase and lipase may occur up to 24 hr after administration.

 Adverse Reactions

CARDIOVASCULAR: Hypotension; orthostatic hypotension; bradycardia; tachycardia. CNS: Lightheadedness; dizziness; sedation; disorientation; incoordination. DERMATOLOGIC: Sweating; pruritus; urticaria. GI: Nausea; vomiting; constipation; abdominal pain. GU: Urinary retention or hesitancy. RESPIRATORY: Respiratory depression; laryngospasm; depression of cough reflex. OTHER: Tolerance; psychological and physical dependence with chronic use.

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category C. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Not recommended for children. Special Risk Patients: Use with caution in elderly and debilitated patients and patients with myxedema, acute alcoholism, acute abdominal conditions, ulcerative colitis, decreased respiratory reserve, head injury or increased intracranial pressure, hypoxia, supraventricular tachycardia, depleted blood volume, or circulatory shock. Drug Dependence: Has abuse potential. Hepatic or Renal Impairment: Dosage reduction may be necessary.

 Administration/Storage

• Administer with food or milk to minimize GI irritation.
• Store at room temperature in tightly-closed container and protect from light.

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies.
• Assess type, location, and intensity of pain before administration and frequently during treatment.
• Assess vital signs before administration and periodically during treatment.
• Assess for signs of narcotic dependence.
• Assess bowel function routinely. If constipation develops, provide additional fluids, high-fiber foods, or stool softeners. Administer laxative if indicated.
• If respiratory depression develops, notify health care provider immediately and prepare emergency equipment.
• If sedation or confusion develops, take safety precautions (eg, keep side rails up, assist with ambulation).
• Evaluate patient's continuing need for therapy since psychological and physical dependence and tolerance may develop.

 Patient/Family Education

• Instruct patient to take medication before pain becomes severe for greatest effectiveness.
• Instruct patient on methods of preventing constipation.
• Instruct patient to make position changes slowly if lightheadedness or sedation occur.
• Advise patient to avoid intake of alcoholic beverages or products containing alcohol while using this medication.
• Advise patient that drug may cause drowsiness, and to use caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.
• Instruct patient not to take any otc medications without consulting health care provider.
• Explain that physical dependency may occur and that withdrawal symptoms may be noted on discontinuation after long-term therapy.

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Copyright © 2003 Facts and Comparisons
David S. Tatro
A to Z Drug Facts